{"id":6387,"date":"2024-02-11T17:28:40","date_gmt":"2024-02-11T08:28:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/?p=6387"},"modified":"2026-10-04T09:09:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T00:09:44","slug":"fail-safe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/fail-safe\/","title":{"rendered":"fail safe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc81c\uc5b4\ubc38\ube0c(Control Valve)\ub3d9\uc791\uc5d0\uc11c Fail Safe\uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0, \uc815\ub3d9\uc791(Direct Action)\uacfc\uc5ed\ub3d9\uc791(Reverse Action)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc2dc\uc624.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1498\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-34.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-34.png 1498w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-34-768x1050.png 768w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/image-34-1124x1536.png 1124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1498px) 100vw, 1498px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"936\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/\uc81c\ubaa9-\uc5c6\uc74c-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/\uc81c\ubaa9-\uc5c6\uc74c-10.jpg 936w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/\uc81c\ubaa9-\uc5c6\uc74c-10-768x1050.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"951\" height=\"1211\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image.png 951w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-768x978.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 951px) 100vw, 951px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sec-9070.tistory.com\/586\">https:\/\/sec-9070.tistory.com\/586<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/dokumen.tips_basic-operation-and-function-of-control-valves.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"dokumen.tips_basic-operation-and-function-of-control-valves\uc758 \uc0bd\uc785.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-2eab9639-6fbd-456e-870e-70eee20b1604\" href=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/dokumen.tips_basic-operation-and-function-of-control-valves.pdf\">dokumen.tips_basic-operation-and-function-of-control-valves<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/dokumen.tips_basic-operation-and-function-of-control-valves.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-2eab9639-6fbd-456e-870e-70eee20b1604\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/actutator_bench_set.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"actutator_bench_set\uc758 \uc0bd\uc785.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-8d36df19-1406-4074-95fd-04e5abe1767d\" href=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/actutator_bench_set.pdf\">actutator_bench_set<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/actutator_bench_set.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-8d36df19-1406-4074-95fd-04e5abe1767d\">\ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"846\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1.png 846w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1-768x986.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 846px) 100vw, 846px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"816\" height=\"1056\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7056\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-2.png 816w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-2-768x994.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 816px) 100vw, 816px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/control.com\/textbook\/control-valves\/actuator-bench-set\/\">https:\/\/control.com\/textbook\/control-valves\/actuator-bench-set\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fig-6-6-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7053\" srcset=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fig-6-6-3.png 900w, https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fig-6-6-3-768x369.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">https:\/\/www.spiraxsarco.com\/learn-about-steam\/control-hardware-electric-pneumatic-actuation\/control-valve-actuators-and-positioners?sc_lang=en-GB<\/p>\n\n\n\n&#8220;`html\n<div class=\"chapter19-wide\">\n\n  <h1>Fail Safe<\/h1>\n\n  <div class=\"subtitle\">\n    Control Valve \u00b7 Fail Open \u00b7 Fail Close \u00b7 Direct Action \u00b7 Reverse Action \u00b7 Bench Set\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>1. Fail Safe<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uae30\uacc4 \ubd80\ud488\uc774 \uace0\uc7a5\ub098\uac70\ub098\n      \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4\n      \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc774\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        Fail Safe\ub294 \uace0\uc7a5 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc\n        \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\n        \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc815\ud55c \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <p>\n      \ud544\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \ud568\uaed8 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Fail Passive\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Fail Active\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Fail Operational\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>2. Control Valve\uc758 Fail Safe<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Control Valve\uc758 Fail Safe \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub294\n      \uad6c\ub3d9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ub610\ub294 \uacf5\uae30 \uacf5\uae09\uc774 \ub04a\uc5b4\uc84c\uc744 \ub54c\n      Valve\uac00 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc704\uce58\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub294\uac00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"table-wrap\">\n\n      <table>\n\n        <thead>\n          <tr>\n            <th>\uad6c\ubd84<\/th>\n            <th>Fail \uc0c1\ud0dc<\/th>\n          <\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n\n        <tbody>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td><strong>Fail Open<\/strong><\/td>\n            <td>\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\uc2e4 \uc2dc Valve\uac00 Open<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td><strong>Fail Close<\/strong><\/td>\n            <td>\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\uc2e4 \uc2dc Valve\uac00 Close<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n        <\/tbody>\n\n      <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>3. Bench Set<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Spring-Diaphragm Actuator\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n      Spring\uc758 \uc555\ucd95\ubc94\uc704\uc640 \uacf5\uae09 \uacf5\uae30\uc555\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec\n      Valve\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n      \ud544\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 Bench Set \uc608\ub85c\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      3 ~ 15 psi\n    <\/div>\n\n    <p>\n      \ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n      \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      3 psi\n      \u2192\n      Valve\uc758 \ud55c\ucabd \ub05d \uc704\uce58\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      15 psi\n      \u2192\n      Valve\uc758 \ubc18\ub300\ucabd \ub05d \uc704\uce58\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        Bench Set\uc740 Actuator Spring\uc758 \ub3d9\uc791\ubc94\uc704\ub97c\n        \uacf5\uae30\uc555 \ubc94\uc704\uc640 \ub300\uc751\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc124\uc815\uc774\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>4. Fail Open<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uacf5\uae09 \uacf5\uae30\ub098 \uc804\uae30 \ub4f1\n      \uad6c\ub3d9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ub418\uba74\n      Valve\uac00 \uc644\uc804\ud788 Open\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      Normal Air Supply\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n       [ Actuator ]\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n       Valve Position\n\n      Air Loss\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n      Spring Force\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n      FULL OPEN\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Energy Loss\n      \u2192\n      Valve Open\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>5. Fail Close<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uacf5\uae09 \uacf5\uae30\ub098 \uc804\uae30 \ub4f1\n      \uad6c\ub3d9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ub418\uba74\n      Valve\uac00 \uc644\uc804\ud788 Close\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      Normal Air Supply\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n       [ Actuator ]\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n       Valve Position\n\n      Air Loss\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n      Spring Force\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n      FULL CLOSE\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Energy Loss\n      \u2192\n      Valve Close\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>6. Spring-Diaphragm Actuator \uad6c\uc870<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 Spring-Diaphragm Actuator \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      [\uad6c\uc870 A]\n\n           Air Inlet\n               \u2193\n        \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n        \u2502  Diaphragm  \u2502\n        \u2502             \u2502\n        \u2502   Spring    \u2502\n        \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n               \u2502 Stem\n               \u25bc\n             [Plug]\n               \u2502\n            Valve Body\n\n      Air Pressure \u2191\n          \u2192\n      Stem \uc774\ub3d9\n\n\n      [\uad6c\uc870 B]\n\n           Air Inlet\n               \u2193\n        \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n        \u2502   Spring    \u2502\n        \u2502             \u2502\n        \u2502  Diaphragm  \u2502\n        \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n               \u2502 Stem\n               \u25bc\n             [Plug]\n               \u2502\n            Valve Body\n\n      Air Pressure \u2191\n          \u2192\n      \ubc18\ub300 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c Stem \uc774\ub3d9\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        Spring \uc704\uce58\uc640 Air Pressure \uc791\uc6a9 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\n        Air-to-Open \ub610\ub294 Air-to-Close \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \uacb0\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>7. Direct Action \u2014 Controller<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 Control Loop Instrument Actions\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n      Direct Acting Controller\ub97c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc815\uc758\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Process Variable \u2191\n      \u2192\n      Controller Output Signal \u2191\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        Direct Action Controller:\n        PV\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba74 Controller Output\ub3c4 \uc99d\uac00\ud55c\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>8. Reverse Action \u2014 Controller<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Process Variable \u2191\n      \u2192\n      Controller Output Signal \u2193\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        Reverse Action Controller:\n        PV\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba74 Controller Output\uc740 \uac10\uc18c\ud55c\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>9. Positioner Action<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Positioner\uc758 \uc785\ub825\uc2e0\ud638\ub97c SIG,\n      Actuator\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294 \ucd9c\ub825\uc744 LOAD\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <h3>Direct Acting Positioner<\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      SIG \u2191\n      \u2192\n      LOAD \u2191\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h3>Reverse Acting Positioner<\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      SIG \u2191\n      \u2192\n      LOAD \u2193\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>10. Control Valve Action<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacf5\uae30\uc555 \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c\n      Control Valve \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"table-wrap\">\n\n      <table>\n\n        <thead>\n          <tr>\n            <th>\ud615\ud0dc<\/th>\n            <th>Air Pressure \uc99d\uac00 \uc2dc<\/th>\n            <th>Fail \uc0c1\ud0dc<\/th>\n          <\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n\n        <tbody>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td><strong>ATO-FC<\/strong><\/td>\n            <td>Valve Open \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n            <td>Fail Close<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td><strong>ATC-FO<\/strong><\/td>\n            <td>Valve Close \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n            <td>Fail Open<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n        <\/tbody>\n\n      <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      ATO\n      =\n      Air To Open\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      ATC\n      =\n      Air To Close\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      FC\n      =\n      Fail Close\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      FO\n      =\n      Fail Open\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>11. Direct Action Control Loop<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 Direct Action \uc870\ud569\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      PROCESS\n         \u2502\n         \u2502 \uc99d\uac00\n         \u25bc\n    [ Controller ]\n         \u2502\n         \u2502 SIG \uc99d\uac00\n         \u25bc\n    [ Positioner ]\n         \u2502\n         \u2502 LOAD \uc99d\uac00\n         \u25bc\n    [ Control Valve ]\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n      Valve \uc774\ub3d9\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Process \u2191\n      \u2192\n      SIG \u2191\n      \u2192\n      LOAD \u2191\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>12. Reverse Action Control Loop<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Reverse Action Controller\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      PROCESS\n         \u2502\n         \u2502 \uc99d\uac00\n         \u25bc\n    [ Controller ]\n         \u2502\n         \u2502 SIG \uac10\uc18c\n         \u25bc\n    [ Positioner ]\n         \u2502\n         \u25bc\n    [ Control Valve ]\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Process \u2191\n      \u2192\n      SIG \u2193\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>13. \ud544\uae30\uc758 Direct Action \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \ud544\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 PV\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud558\uc5ec\n      PV\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud560 \ub54c Signal\uc744 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c\n      Direct Action\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n            PV\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n           [ TT ]\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n           [ TC ]\n             \u2502 Signal\n             \u25bc\n           [ PV ]\n         Control Valve\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      PV \u2191\n      \u2192\n      Signal \u2191\n    <\/div>\n\n    <p>\n      Valve\ub294 Signal \uc99d\uac00\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\n      Open \ub610\ub294 Close\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uad6c\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>14. \ud544\uae30\uc758 Reverse Action \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Reverse Action\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n      PV\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba74 Controller Signal\uc744 \uac10\uc18c\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      PV \u2191\n      \u2192\n      Signal \u2193\n    <\/div>\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ud6c4 Valve\uc758 Air Action\uacfc\n      Fail Action\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ucd5c\uc885 Valve \uc704\uce58\uac00 \uacb0\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>15. Fail Open \uc801\uc6a9<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \ud544\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Fail Open\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc608\ub85c\n      \ub0c9\uac01\uc218 \uacf5\uae09\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacc4\ud1b5\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      Utility \/ Cooling Flow\n              \u2502\n              \u25bc\n        [ Control Valve ]\n              \u2502\n              \u25bc\n           Process\n\n      Fail \ubc1c\uc0dd\n          \u2502\n          \u25bc\n      Valve OPEN\n          \u2502\n          \u25bc\n      Flow \uc720\uc9c0\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        \uace0\uc7a5 \uc2dc \uc720\uccb4 \uacf5\uae09\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc57c \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uacf5\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n        Fail Open\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>16. Fail Close \uc801\uc6a9<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \ud544\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Fail Close\ub97c\n      \uc704\ud5d8\ubb3c\uc9c8 \uacf5\uae09\uc744 \ucc28\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n      Hazardous Fluid\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n       [ Control Valve ]\n             \u2502\n             \u25bc\n          Process\n\n      Fail \ubc1c\uc0dd\n          \u2502\n          \u25bc\n      Valve CLOSE\n          \u2502\n          \u25bc\n      Flow \ucc28\ub2e8\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <div class=\"memory\">\n      <strong>\n        \uace0\uc7a5 \uc2dc \uc720\uccb4 \uacf5\uae09\uc744 \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uacf5\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294\n        Fail Close\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.\n      <\/strong>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>17. Control Valve Classification \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Control Valve\ub294 \ud06c\uac8c\n      Linear Sliding Stem\uacfc Rotary\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <pre>\n                         CONTROL VALVE\n                              \u2502\n                 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n                 \u2502                         \u2502\n                 \u25bc                         \u25bc\n        LINEAR SLIDING STEM              ROTARY\n                 \u2502                         \u2502\n          \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510           \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n          \u2502      \u2502      \u2502           \u2502     \u2502     \u2502\n        Globe  Diaphragm Pinch   Butterfly Ball Eccentric Plug\n    <\/pre>\n\n    <p>\n      Globe Valve\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc74c \ud615\ud0dc\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n      <li>Angle<\/li>\n      <li>3-Way \u2014 Mixing \/ Diverting<\/li>\n      <li>Standard Straight<\/li>\n      <li>Double Seated<\/li>\n      <li>Single Seated<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <p>\n      Single Seated Valve\uc5d0\ub294\n      Fail Action\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc74c \ubd84\ub958\uac00 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n      <li>Balanced FTC<\/li>\n      <li>Unbalanced FTO<\/li>\n      <li>Unbalanced FTC<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>18. Actuator \uc885\ub958<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      Control Valve Classification \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758\n      Actuator \uc885\ub958\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"table-wrap\">\n\n      <table>\n\n        <thead>\n          <tr>\n            <th>Actuator<\/th>\n          <\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n\n        <tbody>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Spring-Diaphragm<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Double-Acting Piston<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Electric Motor<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Electrohydraulic<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n        <\/tbody>\n\n      <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>19. Process \/ Controller \/ Positioner \/ Valve Action \uc870\ud569<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"card\">\n\n    <p>\n      \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Control Loop\ub97c\n      \ub2e4\uc74c \ub124 \uac00\uc9c0 \ub3d9\uc791\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"formula\">\n      Process\n      \u2192\n      Controller Action\n      \u2192\n      Positioner Action\n      \u2192\n      Control Valve Action\n    <\/div>\n\n    <p>\n      \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc608\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c \ud56d\ubaa9\uc774 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"table-wrap\">\n\n      <table>\n\n        <thead>\n          <tr>\n            <th>Process \ubaa9\uc801<\/th>\n            <th>\ub300\ud45c Valve \ub3d9\uc791<\/th>\n          <\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n\n        <tbody>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Pressure Relief<\/td>\n            <td>\uc555\ub825 \uc99d\uac00 \uc2dc Flow \uc99d\uac00 \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Pressure Reducing<\/td>\n            <td>\uc555\ub825 \uc99d\uac00 \uc2dc Flow \uac10\uc18c \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Level High<\/td>\n            <td>\uacf5\uc815 \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc99d\uac00\/\uac10\uc18c \uc120\ud0dd<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Level Low<\/td>\n            <td>\uacf5\uc815 \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc99d\uac00\/\uac10\uc18c \uc120\ud0dd<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Temperature Cooling<\/td>\n            <td>\uc628\ub3c4 \uc99d\uac00 \uc2dc Cooling Flow \uc99d\uac00<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Temperature Heating<\/td>\n            <td>\uc628\ub3c4 \uc99d\uac00 \uc2dc Heating Flow \uac10\uc18c<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Flow High<\/td>\n            <td>Flow \uac10\uc18c \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n          <tr>\n            <td>Flow Low<\/td>\n            <td>Flow \uc99d\uac00 \ubc29\ud5a5<\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n\n        <\/tbody>\n\n      <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <h2>20. \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \ud575\uc2ec \uad00\uacc4<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"table-wrap\">\n\n    <table>\n\n      <thead>\n        <tr>\n          <th>\ud56d\ubaa9<\/th>\n          <th>\uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \ub0b4\uc6a9<\/th>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n\n      <tbody>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Fail Open<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            Energy Loss \u2192 Valve Open\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Fail Close<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            Energy Loss \u2192 Valve Close\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Controller Direct<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            PV \u2191 \u2192 Output \u2191\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Controller Reverse<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            PV \u2191 \u2192 Output \u2193\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Positioner Direct<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            SIG \u2191 \u2192 LOAD \u2191\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Positioner Reverse<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            SIG \u2191 \u2192 LOAD \u2193\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>ATO-FC<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            Air To Open \/ Fail Close\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>ATC-FO<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            Air To Close \/ Fail Open\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n        <tr>\n          <td><strong>Bench Set<\/strong><\/td>\n          <td>\n            Spring-Actuator\uc758 \ub3d9\uc791 \uc555\ub825\ubc94\uc704\n          <\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n\n      <\/tbody>\n\n    <\/table>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n\n  <!-- ================================================= -->\n  <div class=\"keywords\">\n    Fail Safe, Fail Open, Fail Close,\n    Direct Action, Reverse Action,\n    Air To Open, Air To Close,\n    ATO-FC, ATC-FO,\n    Bench Set, Control Valve,\n    Positioner, Spring Diaphragm Actuator\n  <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n&#8220;`\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc81c\uc5b4\ubc38\ube0c(Control Valve)\ub3d9\uc791\uc5d0\uc11c Fail Safe\uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0, \uc815\ub3d9\uc791(Direct Action)\uacfc\uc5ed\ub3d9\uc791(Reverse Action)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc2dc\uc624. https:\/\/sec-9070.tistory.com\/586 https:\/\/control.com\/textbook\/control-valves\/actuator-bench-set\/ https:\/\/www.spiraxsarco.com\/learn-about-steam\/control-hardware-electric-pneumatic-actuation\/control-valve-actuators-and-positioners?sc_lang=en-GB &#8220;`html Fail Safe Control Valve \u00b7 Fail Open \u00b7 Fail Close \u00b7 Direct Action \u00b7 Reverse Action \u00b7 Bench Set 1. Fail Safe \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uae30\uacc4 \ubd80\ud488\uc774 \uace0\uc7a5\ub098\uac70\ub098 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc774\ub2e4. Fail Safe\ub294 \uace0\uc7a5 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1185],"tags":[1294,1553,1293,1292,1552,1365],"class_list":["post-6387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1185","tag-bench-set","tag-control-loop","tag-control-valve","tag-fail-safe","tag-positioner","tag-1365"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6387"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9572,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6387\/revisions\/9572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}