{"id":9814,"date":"2026-10-31T23:16:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-31T14:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/?p=9814"},"modified":"2026-10-31T23:42:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-31T14:42:32","slug":"chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 32.1 \uacf5\uc815\uc548\uc804\uacfc \ubc29\ud3ed \u2014 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c \ubd84\ub958\uc640 \ubcf4\ud638\ub300\ucc45"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n<p>\/* Chapter 19 wide layout, self-contained for standalone and WordPress Custom HTML *\/\n.chapter19-wide{--ink:#183049;--muted:#536577;--teal:#006b76;--soft:#eef6f7;--line:#d9e4ea;--paper:#fff;color:var(--ink);background:#fff;max-width:1220px;margin:0 auto;padding:30px 40px 75px;box-sizing:border-box;font-family:\"Pretendard\",\"Noto Sans KR\",\"Malgun Gothic\",\"Apple SD Gothic 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!important;line-height:1.55 !important;padding:12px 13px !important;}\n.chapter19-wide table tbody td,\n.chapter19-wide table td {font-size:18px !important;line-height:1.65 !important;padding:12px 13px !important;}\n.chapter19-wide figcaption {font-size:17px !important;line-height:1.75 !important;}\n.chapter19-wide .footnote {font-size:17px !important;}\n.chapter19-wide details summary {font-size:19px !important;}\n.chapter19-wide .bibliog {font-size:17px !important;line-height:1.8 !important;}\n.chapter19-wide .pill {font-size:16px !important;}\n@media (max-width:760px) {\n  .chapter19-wide {font-size:17px !important;line-height:1.75 !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide h1 {font-size:29px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide h2 {font-size:24px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide h3 {font-size:21px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide h4 {font-size:19px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide .subtitle {font-size:17px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide .toc strong {font-size:20px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide .toc a {font-size:17px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide table {font-size:16px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide table thead th,.chapter19-wide table th {font-size:16px !important;padding:9px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide table tbody td,.chapter19-wide table td {font-size:16px !important;padding:9px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide .eq {font-size:19px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide .eq.two {font-size:18px !important;}\n  .chapter19-wide figcaption,.chapter19-wide .formula-caption,.chapter19-wide .meta,\n  .chapter19-wide .footnote,.chapter19-wide .source-label {font-size:15px !important;}\n}\n@media print { .chapter19-wide {font-size:11pt !important;line-height:1.6 !important;} }<\/p>\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"chapter19-wide\">\n<header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"eyebrow\">Lessons in Industrial Instrumentation \u00b7 Study Notes<\/div>\n<h1>Chapter 32. Process Safety and Instrumentation<\/h1>\n<div class=\"subtitle\">\uc624\ub298 \ud559\uc2b5 \uc815\ub9ac \u00b7 32.1 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c\uc640 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \ubc29\ud3ed (32.1.1~32.1.3)<\/div>\n<p class=\"meta\">\ud559\uc2b5\uc77c: 2026-10-31 \u00b7 \uc6d0\uc11c: Tony R. Kuphaldt, Version 2.32 (2019) \u00b7 \uc6d0\uc11c pp. 2602\u20132614 \u00b7 \uc190\uae00\uc528 \ud544\uae30 3\ucabd \ubc0f \ubb38\ub2f5 \ubc18\uc601<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\uc815\ub9ac \uc6d0\uce59<\/div>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\u00b7\uadf8\ub9bc\u00b7\uc608\uc81c \uc124\uba85\uc744 \uc6b0\uc120 \ubc88\uc5ed\ud558\uace0, \uc9c8\ubb38\u00b7\ud544\uae30\ub97c \uacb0\ud569\ud588\ub2e4. \uc218\uc2dd \uc911 \uc6d0\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc720\ub3c4\uc640 \ucd94\uac00 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 <strong>\u300c\ubcf4\ucda9\u300d<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c \ubc95\uaddc\u00b7\uc778\uc99d\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ud604\ud589 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<nav class=\"toc\" aria-label=\"\ubb38\uc11c \ubaa9\ucc28\">\n<strong>\uc77d\uae30 \uc21c\uc11c<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#intro\">\ud559\uc2b5 \ubc94\uc704\uc640 \uc548\uc804\uc124\uacc4\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#s3211\">32.1.1 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c \ubd84\ub958<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#s3212\">32.1.2 \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud55c\uacc4<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#s3213\">32.1.3 \ubc29\ud3ed \ubcf4\ud638\ubc29\uc2dd<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#dialog\">\ubb38\ub2f5\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c \uc7c1\uc810<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#formulas\">\ud575\uc2ec \uc218\uc2dd<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#scan\">\ud544\uae30 \uc6d0\ubcf8\u00b7\uc804\uc0ac<\/a><br \/>\n<\/nav>\n<section id=\"intro\">\n<h2>1. 32.1 \ub3c4\uc785 \u2014 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub294 \uad00\uc810<\/h2>\n<p>\uc0b0\uc5c5\uacf5\uc815\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc6d0\ucc9c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc81c\uac70\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc555\ub825\uc81c\uc5b4, \uacbd\ubcf4, \uc790\ub3d9 \uc815\uc9c0, \uc555\ub825\ubc29\ucd9c\uc7a5\uce58, \ucde8\uc57d\ud55c \ud30c\uc5f4\uc9c0\uc810 \ubc0f \uaca9\ub9ac \ubc30\uce58\ub97c \uc911\ucca9\ud558\ub294 \uc608\ub97c \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec <strong>\uc5ec\ub7ec \ubcf4\ud638\uc218\ub2e8\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub354 \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<\/strong>\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uac00\uc5f0\uc131 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774 \uacf5\uae30 \uc911\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc5ec \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc7a5\uc18c\ub294 <em>Hazardous\/ Classified Location<\/em>\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc808\uc758 \u2018\uc704\ud5d8\u2019\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c <strong>\uc804\uae30\uc801 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc704\ud5d8<\/strong>\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\uba70 \ub3c5\uc131\u00b7\ubd80\uc2dd\uc131\u00b7\ubc29\uc0ac\uc120 \uc704\ud5d8\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud1b5\uce6d\ud558\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout note\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\uc2a4\uce94 \ud544\uae30 1\ucabd<\/div>\n<p>\u300c\uacc4\uce21\uae30 \u2192 \ud3ed\ubc1c \ubc29\uc9c0 \/ \uc790\ub3d9 \uc815\uc9c0(\uc704\ud5d8 \uc0c1\ud669)\u300d, \u300c\uc548\uc804\uc124\uacc4\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\uc758 \uc644\uc804 \uc81c\uac70\uac00 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\uba74 \ud5c8\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc18c\u00b7\uad00\ub9ac\u300d, \u300c\ub2e4\uc911 \ubc29\ud638: \uc555\ub825\uc81c\uc5b4 \u2192 \uacbd\ubcf4 \u2192 \uc548\uc804\uc815\uc9c0 \u2192 \uc555\ub825\ubc29\ucd9c\ubc38\ube0c\u300d\ub77c\ub294 \uba54\ubaa8\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 32\uc7a5 \ub3c4\uc785 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc758 \uac1c\ub150 \uc815\ub9ac\ub2e4.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s3211\">\n<h2>2. 32.1.1 Classified Area Taxonomy \u2014 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c \ubd84\ub958<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 Class \u00b7 Division \u00b7 Zone\uc740 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub2f5\ud55c\ub2e4<\/h3>\n<p>NEC Article 500\uc758 Class\/Division \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c Class\ub294 <strong>\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc885\ub958<\/strong>, Division\uc740 <strong>\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \uac00\ub2a5\uc131<\/strong>\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4. NEC Article 505\u00b7506\uc758 Zone \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \ubc1c\uc0dd \ube48\ub3c4\uc640 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub354 \uc138\ubd84\ud654\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Class<\/th>\n<th>\ubb3c\uc9c8<\/th>\n<th>Division<\/th>\n<th>\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc870\uac74<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>I<\/td>\n<td>\uac00\uc5f0\uc131 \uac00\uc2a4\u00b7\uc99d\uae30<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\uc815\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc804 \uc911 \uc874\uc7ac \ub610\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac \uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>II<\/td>\n<td>\uac00\uc5f0\uc131 \ubd84\uc9c4<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\ub4dc\ubb3c\uac8c \ub610\ub294 \ube44\uc815\uc0c1 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc874\uc7ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>III<\/td>\n<td>\uac00\uc5f0\uc131 \uc12c\uc720<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc885\ub958\uc640 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc870\uac74\uc744 \uac01\uac01 \uad6c\ubd84\ud574 \uc801\uc6a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uac00\uc2a4\u00b7\uc99d\uae30 Zone<\/th>\n<th>\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc<\/th>\n<th>\uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac1c\ub150\uc801 \ub300\uc751<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Zone 0<\/td>\n<td>\uc5f0\uc18d\uc801 \ub610\ub294 \uc7a5\uc2dc\uac04 \uc874\uc7ac<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">Division 1\uc744 \uc138\ubd84\ud654<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zone 1<\/td>\n<td>\uc815\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc804 \uc911 \uc874\uc7ac \uac00\ub2a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zone 2<\/td>\n<td>\uc815\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc804 \uc911 \uc874\uc7ac \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub0ae\uace0, \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud574\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc2dc\uac04 \uc9e7\uc74c<\/td>\n<td>Division 2\uc640 \uac70\uc758 \ub300\uc751<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\ubd84\uc9c4\u00b7\uc12c\uc720\uc5d0\ub294 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\uc758 Zone 20\u00b721\u00b722\uac00 \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc8fc\uc720\uc18c \uc0ac\ub840\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc9c0\ud558 \ud718\ubc1c\uc720 \uc800\uc7a5\ud0f1\ud06c \ud1b5\uae30\uad00 \ubc30\ucd9c\uad6c \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \uacf3\uc740 Division 1, \uadf8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba3c \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc740 Division 2\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 <strong>\uac19\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc774\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ub204\ucd9c\uc6d0\uacfc\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubd84\ub958\uac00 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c4\ub2e4<\/strong>\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout warn\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\uaddc\uaca9 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc8fc\uc758<\/div>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc8fc\uc720\uc18c \uac70\ub9ac(\uc608: \ud1b5\uae30\uad00\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 3 ft \uc774\ub0b4 Division 1, 3~5 ft Division 2)\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 NEC \uc124\uba85 \uc0ac\ub840\uc774\uba70, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc124\ube44\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc124\uacc4 \uac70\ub9ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>2.2 Group \u2014 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc810\ud654\u00b7\ud654\uc5fc\uc804\ud30c \ud2b9\uc131 \ubd84\ub958<\/h3>\n<p>Class I\/II\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Group\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ud5d8\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub098\ub208\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\uac00 \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uac12\uc740 MESG\uc640 MICR\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h4>MESG: Maximum Experimental Safe Gap<\/h4>\n<p>\ub450 \ubc18\uad6c\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc744 \uc810\ud654\ud558\uc600\uc744 \ub54c, \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ud654\uc5fc\uc774 \uc678\ubd80\ub85c \uc804\ud30c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 <strong>\ucd5c\ub300 \uc2dc\ud5d8 \ud2c8\uc0c8<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4. <strong>MESG\uac00 \uc791\uc744\uc218\ub85d<\/strong> \ub354 \uc881\uc740 \ud2c8\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud654\uc5fc\uc774 \uc804\ud30c\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud654\uc5fc \ucc28\ub2e8\uad6c\uc870\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">MESG = d<sub>max,safe<\/sub> <span class=\"small\">[mm]<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9 \ud45c\uae30: \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ud654\uc5fc\uc804\ud30c\uac00 \ubc29\uc9c0\ub418\ub294 \ucd5c\ub300 \ud2c8\uc0c8\ud3ed\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\ud654<\/div>\n<p><strong>\uc65c \uc5f0\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub978\uac00?<\/strong> \uc5f0\ub8cc\ubcc4 \uc5f0\uc18c\ubc18\uc751\uc18d\ub3c4, \ud654\uc5fc \uad6c\uc870, \ubcbd\uba74\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uc5f4\uc804\ub2ec \ubc0f \ud65c\uc131 \ub77c\ub514\uce7c \uc18c\uba78 \ud2b9\uc131\uc774 \ub2e4\ub974\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc881\uc740 \uae08\uc18d \ud2c8\uc744 \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \ubcbd\uc5d0 \uc5f4\uc744 \uc783\uace0 \uc5f0\uc18c\ubc18\uc751\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uba74 \ud654\uc5fc\uc774 \uc18c\uba78\ud55c\ub2e4(Flame Quenching).<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">V = b\u00b7d\u00b7L, &nbsp; A \u2248 2bL &nbsp; \u21d2 &nbsp; A \/ V \u2248 2 \/ d<\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9 \uc720\ub3c4: \ud3c9\ud589 \uae08\uc18d \ud2c8\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c \ubaa8\ub378\ub85c \ub450\uba74 \ud2c8\uc0c8 d\uac00 \uc881\uc544\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d \uac00\uc2a4 \uccb4\uc801\ub2f9 \ub0c9\uac01\uba74\uc801\uc774 \ucee4\uc9d0<\/div>\n<div class=\"eq\">Q\u0307<sub>reaction<\/sub> \u2264 Q\u0307<sub>loss<\/sub> &nbsp; \u21d2 &nbsp; \ud654\uc5fc \uc18c\uba78 \uac00\ub2a5<\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9 \uac1c\ub150\uc2dd: \uc2e4\uc81c MESG\ub294 \ub0c9\uac01 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc5f0\ub8cc \ud654\ud559\ubc18\uc751\u00b7\uc2e4\ud5d8\uc870\uac74\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4<\/div>\n<h4>MICR: Minimum Ignition Current Ratio<\/h4>\n<p>\uc2dc\ud5d8 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc5f0\ub8cc\u00b7\uacf5\uae30 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc758 \ucd5c\uc18c\uc810\ud654\uc804\ub958\ub97c \uae30\uc900 \uba54\ud0c4\u00b7\uacf5\uae30 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc758 \ucd5c\uc18c\uc810\ud654\uc804\ub958\ub85c \ub098\ub208 \ube44\uc728\uc774\ub2e4. <strong>\uc791\uc744\uc218\ub85d \uc801\uc740 \uc804\ub958\ub85c \uc810\ud654\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c \ubb3c\uc9c8<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">MICR = I<sub>ign,gas<\/sub> \/ I<sub>ign,methane<\/sub> <span class=\"small\">[\ubb34\ucc28\uc6d0]<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>NEC Class\/Division: Group<\/th>\n<th>\ub300\ud45c \ubb3c\uc9c8<\/th>\n<th>MESG<\/th>\n<th>MICR<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>A<\/td>\n<td>\uc544\uc138\ud2f8\ub80c<\/td>\n<td>\uc6d0\uc11c \ud45c \ubcc4\ub3c4 \uc218\uce58 \ubbf8\uc81c\uc2dc<\/td>\n<td>\ubcc4\ub3c4 \uc218\uce58 \ubbf8\uc81c\uc2dc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B<\/td>\n<td>\uc218\uc18c<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 0.45 mm<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 0.40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<td>\uc5d0\ud2f8\ub80c<\/td>\n<td>0.45~0.75 mm<\/td>\n<td>0.40~0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D<\/td>\n<td>\ud504\ub85c\ud310<\/td>\n<td>&gt; 0.75 mm<\/td>\n<td>&gt; 0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>NEC Class\/Zone: Group<\/th>\n<th>\ub300\ud45c \ubb3c\uc9c8<\/th>\n<th>MESG<\/th>\n<th>MICR<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>IIC<\/td>\n<td>\uc544\uc138\ud2f8\ub80c\u00b7\uc218\uc18c<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 0.50 mm<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 0.45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IIB<\/td>\n<td>\uc5d0\ud2f8\ub80c<\/td>\n<td>0.50~0.90 mm<\/td>\n<td>0.45~0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IIA<\/td>\n<td>\uc544\uc138\ud1a4\u00b7\ud504\ub85c\ud310<\/td>\n<td>&gt; 0.90 mm<\/td>\n<td>&gt; 0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\ucc38\uace0\ub85c Class II \ubd84\uc9c4 Group\uc740 E(\uae08\uc18d \ubd84\uc9c4), F(\ud0c4\uc18c\uacc4 \ubd84\uc9c4), G(\uae30\ud0c0 \ubd84\uc9c4)\uc774\ub2e4. <strong>MIE \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uac00\uc2a4 Group\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong> \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 MESG \ubc0f MICR\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \ubd84\ub958\ub97c \uc18c\uac1c\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s3212\">\n<h2>3. 32.1.2 Explosive Limits \u2014 \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud55c\uacc4<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 \ud654\uc7ac \uc0bc\uac01\ud615: \uc815\uc131\uc801 \uc870\uac74<\/h3>\n<p>\uc800\uc790\ub294 \uc5f0\uc18c\u00b7\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc744 <strong>\u2460 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc5f0\ub8cc\/\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c \ud63c\ud569\ube44, \u2461 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0, \u2462 \uc790\uae30\uc720\uc9c0 \ud654\ud559\ubc18\uc751<\/strong>\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uba74 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \uc5f0\uc18c\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc5f0\ub8cc\u00b7\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\u00b7\uc810\ud654\uc6d0 \uad6c\uc131\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud654\ud559\ubc18\uc751\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-3bc612faeb93f107.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2605 \ud654\uc7ac \uc0bc\uac01\ud615: \uc790\uae30\uc720\uc9c0 \ubc18\uc751, \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc5f0\ub8cc \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c \ube44\uc728, \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub9bc \u00b7 p.2605<\/span> \uc800\uc790\uc758 \ud654\uc7ac \uc0bc\uac01\ud615. \uac01 \uaf2d\uc9d3\uc810\uc758 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc81c\uac70\ud558\uba74 \uc5f0\uc18c\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc815\uc131\uc801 \uc9c0\uce68\uc774\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>3.2 \uc544\uc138\ud1a4 \uc608\uc81c\ub85c \ubcf8 Rich \u00b7 Lean \u00b7 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ubd80\uc871<\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uc544\uc138\ud1a4 \ub18d\ub3c4(\uc6d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub840)<\/th>\n<th>\uc0c1\ud0dc<\/th>\n<th>\uc810\ud654\u00b7\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc800\uc790\uc758 \uc124\uba85<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>70 vol%<\/td>\n<td>Rich mixture<\/td>\n<td>\uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uace0 \uc0b0\uc18c\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud568. \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c \uadfc\ucc98\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ubd80 \ubc18\uc751\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ubc18\uc751\uc774 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc6a9\uae30 \uc804\uccb4\ub85c \ud655\uc0b0\u00b7\uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0.5 vol%<\/td>\n<td>Lean mixture<\/td>\n<td>\uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \uc801\uc74c. \uc77c\ubd80 \ubd84\uc790\uac00 \uc5f0\uc18c\ud574\ub3c4 \uc804\ud30c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc5f0\uc18c\ubc18\uc751\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc57d 9.5 vol%<\/td>\n<td>\uc5f0\uc18c\uc5d0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \ud63c\ud569\ube44<\/td>\n<td>\ud63c\ud569\ube44\uac00 \uc801\uc808\ud574\ub3c4 \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \uc784\uacc4\uac12\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uc73c\uba74 \uc810\ud654\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\uc5f0\uc18c\ubc18\uc751\uc5d0\ub294 \ud654\ud559\uacb0\ud569\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \ub118\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ud65c\uc131\ud654 \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc800\uc790\ub294 \uc0c1\uc628\u00b7\ub300\uae30\uc555\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ce\uc740 \uc5f0\uc18c\ubc18\uc751\uc774 \uc790\ubc1c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc678\ubd80 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 \uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120: \uc5f0\ub8cc \ub18d\ub3c4\uc640 \uc784\uacc4 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0<\/h3>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-ead092ef3ee8f80d.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2606 \uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120: LEL, UEL, MIE, Dangerous\uc640 Safe \uc601\uc5ed\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub9bc \u00b7 p.2606<\/span> \uac00\uc0c1\uc758 \uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00\uc2a4\/\uacf5\uae30 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c \uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120. \ud30c\ub780 \uace1\uc120\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc704\uac00 Dangerous, \uc544\ub798\ub294 Safe(\uadf8\ub9bc\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc815\ud55c \uc870\uac74 \ud55c\uc815)\uc774\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120\uc758 \uac00\ub85c\ucd95\uc740 \uc5f0\ub8cc \uccb4\uc801\ub18d\ub3c4 <strong>C<\/strong>, \uc138\ub85c\ucd95\uc740 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0(mJ, <strong>\ub85c\uadf8\ub208\uae08<\/strong>)\uc774\ub2e4. LEL\uacfc UEL\uc740 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ud63c\ud569\ube44\uc758 \uc591\ucabd \uacbd\uacc4\uc774\uba70 MIE\ub294 \ub18d\ub3c4\ubcc4 \uc784\uacc4 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uace1\uc120\uc758 <strong>\ucd5c\uc19f\uac12<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">MIE = min<sub>C<\/sub> E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C) &nbsp; \u21d2 &nbsp; E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C) \u2265 MIE<\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9 \uc218\uc2dd: \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 U\uc790\ud615 \uace1\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\ub85c \ub3c4\ucd9c\ub418\ub294 \uad00\uacc4<\/div>\n<div class=\"eq two\">LEL &lt; C &lt; UEL &nbsp; \ubc0f &nbsp; E<sub>source<\/sub> \u2265 E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C) &nbsp; \u2192 &nbsp; \uc810\ud654 \uac00\ub2a5\uc601\uc5ed<\/div>\n<p>\uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \uc801\uc73c\uba74 \uc5f0\uc1c4\ubc18\uc751\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uc5f0\ub8cc\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc73c\uba74 \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud574\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ud63c\ud569\ube44\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc810\ud654\uc5d0 \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc9c0\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc784\uacc4 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \ucd5c\uc800\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uace1\uc120\uc774 U\uc790\ud615\uc744 \uc774\ub8ec\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>3.4 \uc65c MIE\ub97c \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\uac00?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"eq\">E<sub>source<\/sub> &lt; MIE \u2264 E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C) &nbsp; \u21d2 &nbsp; \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc810\ud654 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/div>\n<p>\uc704 \uad00\uacc4 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 <strong>\ub18d\ub3c4 C\ub97c \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ubaa8\ub974\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4<\/strong> \uc810\ud654\uc6d0 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 MIE \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc774\uba74 \ud574\ub2f9 \uac00\uc2a4\u00b7\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\u00b7\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc870\uac74 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc810\ud654\ubc29\uc9c0 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4. \ubc18\ub300\ub85c E<sub>source<\/sub>\uac00 MIE\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub18d\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc810\ud654\ub418\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 <strong>\uac00\uc2a4 \uc885\ub958\ubcc4\ub85c \uae30\uc900\uc870\uac74\uc758 MIE \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uad00\ub9ac<\/strong>\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1 \ubc1c\ud45c\uc870\uac74\uc744 <em>\uacf5\uae30\u00b7\uc0c1\uc628\u00b7\ub300\uae30\uc555\u00b7\ucd09\ub9e4 \uc5c6\uc74c<\/em>\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uac12\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc628\ub3c4\u00b7\uc555\ub825\u00b7\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\u00b7\ucd09\ub9e4 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc870\uac74\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc838\ub3c4 \ubb34\uc870\uac74 \uc720\ud6a8\ud55c \ubcf4\ud3b8\uc0c1\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout warn\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\ud574\uc11d \uacbd\uacc4<\/div>\n<p>MIE\ub294 \ud1b5\uc0c1 \uc804\uae30 \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc810\ud654 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uac12\uc774\ub2e4. \uace0\uc628 \ud45c\uba74, \ud654\uc5fc, \ucda9\uaca9\u00b7\ub9c8\ucc30 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc810\ud654\uc6d0\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 MIE \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ud310\uc815\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uac00\uc2a4 \ub18d\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\u00b7\ud658\uae30\u00b7\ub204\ucd9c \ubc29\uc9c0\ub97c \ub300\uccb4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>3.5 \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud55c\uacc4 \ube44\uad50\ud45c\uc640 UEL 100%\uc758 \uc608\uc678<\/h3>\n<p>\ub2e4\ub978 \uc870\uac74\uc774 \uac19\ub2e4\uba74 <strong>UEL\u2212LEL<\/strong>\uc774 \ud074\uc218\ub85d \ud3ed\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud63c\ud569\ub18d\ub3c4 \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \ub113\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac12\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\ubb3c\uc9c8<\/th>\n<th>LEL (vol%)<\/th>\n<th>UEL (vol%)<\/th>\n<th>\ubb3c\uc9c8<\/th>\n<th>LEL (vol%)<\/th>\n<th>UEL (vol%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc544\uc138\ud2f8\ub80c<\/td>\n<td>2.5<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>\uc544\uc138\ud1a4<\/td>\n<td>2.5<\/td>\n<td>12.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ubd80\ud0c4<\/td>\n<td>1.5<\/td>\n<td>8.5<\/td>\n<td>\uc774\ud669\ud654\ud0c4\uc18c<\/td>\n<td>1.3<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc77c\uc0b0\ud654\ud0c4\uc18c<\/td>\n<td>12.5<\/td>\n<td>74<\/td>\n<td>\uc5d0\ud14c\ub974<\/td>\n<td>1.9<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc0b0\ud654\uc5d0\ud2f8\ub80c<\/td>\n<td>2.6<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>\uac00\uc194\ub9b0<\/td>\n<td>1.4<\/td>\n<td>7.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ub4f1\uc720<\/td>\n<td>0.7<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\ud788\ub4dc\ub77c\uc9c4<\/td>\n<td>2.9<\/td>\n<td>98<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc218\uc18c<\/td>\n<td>4.0<\/td>\n<td>74.2<\/td>\n<td>\uba54\ud0c4<\/td>\n<td>4.4<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud504\ub85c\ud310<\/td>\n<td>2.1<\/td>\n<td>9.5<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 <strong>\uc544\uc138\ud2f8\ub80c\uacfc \uc0b0\ud654\uc5d0\ud2f8\ub80c\uc758 UEL\uc774 100%<\/strong>\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 \uc678\ubd80 \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubd84\ud574\ubc18\uc751 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud3ed\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. <strong>UEL 100% = \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong> \uc2e4\uc81c \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ubc18\uc751 \uac1c\uc2dc\uc870\uac74\uacfc \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout note\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\ubb38\ub2f5 \ubcf4\ucda9 \u2014 \ub85c\ucf13\uc740 \uc65c \uc0b0\uc18c\ub97c \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \uc2e3\ub294\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uc218\uc18c\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5f0\uc18c\uc5d0 \uc678\ubd80 \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub294 \uc5f0\ub8cc\uc640 \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\ub97c \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \uacf5\uae09\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \ud788\ub4dc\ub77c\uc9c4\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc678\ubd80 \uc0b0\uc18c \uc5c6\uc774 \ubc1c\uc5f4 \ubd84\ud574\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ucd94\uc9c4\uc81c\ub294 \uacf5\uae09\u00b7\ucd09\ub9e4\uc811\ucd09\u00b7\ubc18\uc751\uc870\uac74 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \u2018\uc678\ubd80 \uc0b0\uc18c \uc5c6\uc774 \ud3ed\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\u2019\uacfc \u2018\uc81c\uc5b4 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\u2019\uc740 \uac19\uc740 \ub73b\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc124\uba85\uc744 \ud655\uc7a5\ud55c \ube44\uad50 \uc0ac\ub840\ub2e4.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"s3213\">\n<h2>4. 32.1.3 Protective Measures \u2014 \ubc29\ud3ed \ubcf4\ud638\ub300\ucc45<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1 \ud654\uc7ac \uc0bc\uac01\ud615 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc5c6\uc560\ub294 \ub124 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc811\uadfc<\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uc6d0\uc11c \ubcf4\ud638\ubc29\uc2dd<\/th>\n<th>\uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998<\/th>\n<th>\uc678\ubd80 \uc810\ud654\/\ud63c\ud569\uc870\uac74 \uad00\uc810<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Contain the explosion<\/td>\n<td>\ub0b4\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed \uc678\ud568\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4\ubd80 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc744 \uacac\ub514\uace0 \uc678\ubd80\ub85c \ud654\uc5fc \uc804\ud30c\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8<\/td>\n<td>\uc678\ubd80 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uc5d0 \uc810\ud654\uc6d0\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Shield the device<\/td>\n<td>\uccad\uc815 \uacf5\uae30\u00b7\uac00\uc2a4 \ud37c\uc9c0\/\uac00\uc555\uc73c\ub85c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uac00 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ud568<\/td>\n<td>\uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc5f0\ub8cc\/\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c \ud63c\ud569\ube44 \uc81c\uac70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Encapsulated design<\/td>\n<td>\uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c \ubc1c\uc0dd \ubd80\ud488\uc744 \uae30\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \ubc00\ubd09<\/td>\n<td>\uc810\ud654\uc6d0\uacfc \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30 \uaca9\ub9ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Limit total circuit energy<\/td>\n<td>\uace0\uc7a5 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc810\ud654\ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uc804\uae30\ud68c\ub85c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc81c\ud55c<\/td>\n<td>\uc810\ud654 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc6d0 \uc81c\uac70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>4.2 \ub0b4\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed \u2014 \ub0b4\ubd80 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc744 \uc678\ubd80\ub85c \uc804\ud30c\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/h3>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-894540b4a8fde633.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2609 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \ub0b4\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed \uc804\uae30\ud568 \uc0ac\uc9c4. \ub36e\uac1c \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc5d0 \ubcfc\ud2b8\uac00 \ub2e4\uc218 \uc124\uce58\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc9c4 \u00b7 p.2609<\/span> \ub0b4\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed \uc678\ud568\uc758 \ub2e4\uc218 \uccb4\uacb0\ubcfc\ud2b8. \uc624\ub978\ucabd \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc758 \ubcfc\ud2b8 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc81c\uac70\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uc800\uc790\uac00 \uc9c0\uc801\ud558\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c \uc720\uc9c0\ubcf4\uc218 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\ud3ed\ubc1c\uc555\ub825\uc744 \uacac\ub514\ub294 \uacac\uace0\ud55c \uc678\ud568\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uace0\uc628\uac00\uc2a4\uac00 \uc881\uc740 \uae08\uc18d \ud2c8\uc744 \uc9c0\ub098\uba74\uc11c \ub0c9\uac01\ub418\uc5b4 \uc678\ubd80 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \uac00\uc2a4\ub97c \uc810\ud654\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc55e\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud55c MESG\uc640 \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">F = \u0394P \u00b7 A<\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9: \uc555\ub825\ucc28 \u0394P [Pa]\uac00 \uba74\uc801 A [m\u00b2]\uc758 \ub36e\uac1c\uc5d0 \uc791\uc6a9\ud560 \ub54c\uc758 \ud798 F [N]. \uc6d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc758 \ubcfc\ud2b8\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub2e8\uc21c \ubaa8\ub378<\/div>\n<p>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubcfc\ud2b8\ub97c \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc124\uacc4\ub41c \ub0b4\uc555\uac15\ub3c4 \ubc0f \ud654\uc5fc\uacbd\ub85c\uac00 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc77c\ubd80 \ubcfc\ud2b8\ub9cc \ub0a8\uaca8\ub450\ub294 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \uc720\uc9c0\ubcf4\uc218 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uac15\ud558\uac8c \uacbd\uace0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>4.3 \ud37c\uc9c0\u00b7\uac00\uc555 \u2014 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uc758 \uc720\uc785 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/h3>\n<p>\uc804\uae30\ud568 \ub0b4\ubd80\ub97c \uccad\uc815 \uacf5\uae30 \ub610\ub294 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uac00\uc2a4\ub85c \ud37c\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc591\uc555\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ud5d8\ud55c \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc774 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc555\ucd95\uacf5\uae30\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc555\ucd95\uae30\uac00 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c\uc758 \uac00\uc2a4\ub97c \ud761\uc785\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">P<sub>inside<\/sub> &gt; P<sub>outside<\/sub><\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9 \uac1c\ub150\uc2dd: \uc678\ud568 \ub0b4\ubd80\ub97c \uc678\ubd80\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc740 \uc555\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0. \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc804\u00b7\uc778\uc99d\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc720\ub7c9\u00b7\uc555\ub825\uac10\uc2dc \ub4f1 \uc694\uad6c\uc0ac\ud56d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/div>\n<h3>4.4 \ubc00\ubd09 \u2014 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc810\ud654\uc6d0\uacfc \uc678\ubd80 \ubd84\uc704\uae30 \uaca9\ub9ac<\/h3>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-40a99dc898641e4d.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2610 \uae30\uc6b8\uae30\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc218\uc740\uc774 \uc811\uc810\uc744 \uc787\uac70\ub098 \ub04a\ub294 \ubc00\ubd09 \uc720\ub9ac\uad00 \uc2a4\uc704\uce58 \uc0ac\uc9c4\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc9c4 \u00b7 p.2610<\/span> \uc218\uc740 \ud2f8\ud2b8 \uc2a4\uc704\uce58. \uc218\uc740\uc774 \uc804\uadf9\uc744 \uc811\ucd09\u00b7\uc774\ud0c8\ud560 \ub54c \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud574\ub3c4 \uc678\ubd80 \uac00\uc2a4\uac00 \uc720\ub9ac\uad00 \ub0b4\ubd80\ub85c \uce68\ud22c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\ubc00\ubc00\ubd09\ub41c \uc218\uc740 \uc2a4\uc704\uce58\ub97c \uc608\ub85c \ub4e0\ub2e4. <strong>\uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c \uc790\uccb4\ub97c \uc5c6\uc560\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c\uc640 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \uac00\uc2a4\uac00 \uc811\ucd09\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>4.5 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \u2014 \uc804\uae30\ud68c\ub85c \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \uc810\ud654\ub2a5\ub825 \uc81c\ud55c<\/h3>\n<p>\ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804(Intrinsic Safety, IS)\uc740 \uc815\uc0c1 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ubfd0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c <strong>\uaddc\uc815\ub41c \uace0\uc7a5\uc870\uac74<\/strong>\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc704\ud5d8 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\ub97c \uc810\ud654\ud560 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc815\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc804\uc5d0\ub9cc \ucd08\uc810\uc744 \ub9de\ucd94\ub294 Nonincendive(\ube44\uc810\ud654)\uc640 \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\uc0c1\ud669<\/th>\n<th>Nonincendive<\/th>\n<th>Intrinsic Safety<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc815\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc804<\/td>\n<td>\uc810\ud654 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/td>\n<td>\uc810\ud654 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uace0\uc7a5\uc870\uac74<\/td>\n<td>\uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc77c \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\n<td>\uc778\uc99d\uc5d0\uc11c \uaddc\uc815\ud55c \uace0\uc7a5\uc870\uac74\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc810\ud654 \ubc29\uc9c0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>4.6 \uc218\ub3d9\ud615 \uc548\uc804\ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4 \u2014 \uc9c1\ub82c\uc800\ud56d\u00b7\uc81c\ub108\ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\u00b7\ud4e8\uc988<\/h3>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-a56e3a632080a262.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2611 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c 4-20mA \uc804\uc1a1\uae30, \uc548\uc804\uc7a5\uc18c 24V \uc218\uc2e0\uae30 \uc0ac\uc774 \uc218\ub3d9\ud615 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4 \ud68c\ub85c\ub3c4\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \ud68c\ub85c\ub3c4 \u00b7 p.2611<\/span> \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c\uc758 2\uc120\uc2dd 4\u201320 mA \uc804\uc1a1\uae30\uc640 \uc548\uc804\uc7a5\uc18c \uc218\uc2e0\uae30\u00b724 VDC \uc804\uc6d0\u00b7250 \u03a9 \ubd80\ud558 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc218\ub3d9 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\uc9c1\ub82c\uc800\ud56d<\/strong>\uc740 \ud604\uc7a5\uce21 \ub2e8\ub77d \uc2dc \uc804\ub958\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud55c\ub2e4. <strong>\uc81c\ub108\ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc<\/strong>\ub294 \ube44\uc815\uc0c1 \uacfc\uc804\uc555\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uc7a5\uae30\uae30\ub97c \uc6b0\ud68c\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. <strong>\ud4e8\uc988<\/strong>\ub294 \uace0\uc7a5\uc804\ub958\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub420 \ub54c \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc81c\ub108\ud615 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc548\uc804\uc811\uc9c0\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubcf4\ud638\uacbd\ub85c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">I<sub>fault<\/sub> \u2272 V<sub>source<\/sub> \/ R<sub>series<\/sub><\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9: \uc9c1\ub82c\uc800\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ub2e8\ub77d\uc804\ub958\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c \uc0c1\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378. \uc2e4\uc81c \ud68c\ub85c\ub294 \uc81c\ub108 \ud074\ub7a8\ud504\u00b7\ud4e8\uc988\u00b7\uc804\uc6d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uace0\ub824\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/div>\n<p><strong>\uc815\uc0c1\uc2dc 4\u201320 mA\uac00 \ud750\ub978\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong> \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\uc640 \uc804\uccb4 \ud68c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\uc774 \uace0\uc7a5\uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc548\uc804\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc81c\ub108\uc758 \ub2e8\uc120 \uace0\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ube44\ud574 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc218\ub3d9\ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\uac00 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc81c\ub108\ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\ub97c \ubcd1\ub82c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-db3340a5d8b0ff48.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2612 MTL 796+ Shunt-diode Safety Barrier \uc0ac\uc9c4\uacfc \ub0b4\ubd80 \ud68c\ub85c \ud45c\uae30\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc9c4 \u00b7 p.2612<\/span> MTL 796+ \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4. \uc678\ud568\uc5d0 \ud68c\ub85c \uae30\ud638\uc640 \uc778\uc99d\ud45c\uae30\uac00 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>4.7 \uc808\uc5f0\ud615 \ub2a5\ub3d9 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4 \u2014 DC \uace0\uc7a5\uc804\ub958 \uacbd\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8<\/h3>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-ef1900042035a0ae.jpg\" alt=\"\uc6d0\uc11c p.2613 chopper converter, \uc808\uc5f0\ubcc0\uc555\uae30, field transmitter\uc640 controller\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \ub2a5\ub3d9 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"source-label\">\uc6d0\uc11c \ud68c\ub85c\ub3c4 \u00b7 p.2613<\/span> \ub2a5\ub3d9\ud615 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\ub294 Chopper\/Converter\uc640 \ubcc0\uc555\uae30\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574 \uc2e0\ud638 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uba74\uc11c DC \uace0\uc7a5\uc804\ub958 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\ubcc0\uc555\uae30\ub294 \uc9c1\ub958\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811 \ud1b5\uacfc\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 DC \uc2e0\ud638\uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uad50\ub958 \uc131\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafb8\uace0, \uc808\uc5f0\uc7a5\ubcbd \ubc18\ub300\ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \ubcf5\uc6d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\uac00 \uc81c\ub108\ud615\uacfc \ub2ec\ub9ac \ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\uc758 \uc548\uc804\uc811\uc9c0\ub97c \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">DC \uc2e0\ud638 \u2192 Chopper \/ \ubcc0\ud658 \u2192 \uc808\uc5f0\ubcc0\uc555\uae30 \u2192 \uc2e0\ud638 \ubcf5\uc6d0<\/div>\n<h3>4.8 Simple Apparatus \u2014 \ubc1c\uc804\ud615\uacfc \uc218\ub3d9\ud615 \ub2e8\uc21c\uae30\uae30<\/h3>\n<p>\ubc30\ub9ac\uc5b4\ub294 \uc548\uc804\uc7a5\uc18c\uc758 \uc804\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud604\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 <strong>\ud604\uc7a5\uae30\uae30 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0<\/strong>\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5f4\uc804\ub300\u00b7pH \uc804\uadf9\u00b7\uad11\uc804 \uac80\ucd9c\uae30\ub97c \ubc1c\uc804\ud615 \ub2e8\uc21c\uae30\uae30\uc758 \uc608\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq two\">V<sub>max<\/sub> \u2264 1.5 V, &nbsp; I<sub>max<\/sub> \u2264 100 mA, &nbsp; P<sub>max<\/sub> \u2264 25 mW<\/div>\n<p>\uc774 \uc138 \uc218\uce58\ub294 <strong>\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc9c0\ucf1c\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub3c5\ub9bd\ub41c \uc0c1\ud55c<\/strong>\uc774\ub2e4. 25 mW\uac00 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uace0\uc815 \uc804\ub825\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq two\">1.5 V \u00d7 0.100 A = 0.150 W = 150 mW &gt; 25 mW<\/div>\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c 1.5 V\uac00 \uc2e4\uc81c \ucd9c\ub825\uc774\ub77c\uba74 \uc804\ub825 \uc0c1\ud55c\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc804\ub958\uac00 <strong>16.7 mA \uc774\ud558<\/strong>\uc5ec\uc57c \ud558\uba70, 100 mA\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc804\uc555\uc740 <strong>0.25 V \uc774\ud558<\/strong>\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4(\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ub2e8\uc790 \uc804\uc555\u00b7\uc804\ub958\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c \ubaa8\ub378).<\/p>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud68c\uc804\uc18d\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud574 \ud1b5\uc0c1 0\u201310 V\ub97c \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ud0c0\ucf54\uc81c\ub108\ub808\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub2e8\uc21c\uae30\uae30 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ucd08\uacfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc608\ub85c \ub4e4\uace0, \ucd9c\ub825\uc774 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ub0ae\uc740 \uad11\ud559 \uc5d4\ucf54\ub354\ub97c \ub300\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc790\uccb4 \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc2a4\uc704\uce58\u00b7LED \ud45c\uc2dc\ub4f1\u00b7RTD\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc218\ub3d9\ud615 \ub2e8\uc21c\uae30\uae30\ub294 \uc6d0\uc11c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc18c\ube44\uc804\ub825\uc774 <strong>1.3 W \uc774\ud558<\/strong>\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc815\uc804\uc6a9\ub7c9\u00b7\uc778\ub355\ud134\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc704\ud5d8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"eq\">E<sub>C<\/sub> = \u00bdCV\u00b2, &nbsp; E<sub>L<\/sub> = \u00bdLI\u00b2<\/div>\n<div class=\"formula-caption\">\ubcf4\ucda9: C\ub294 \uc815\uc804\uc6a9\ub7c9(F), L\uc740 \uc778\ub355\ud134\uc2a4(H), V\ub294 \uc804\uc555(V), I\ub294 \uc804\ub958(A), \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ub2e8\uc704\ub294 J<\/div>\n<h3>4.9 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \ubc30\uc120\uc758 \ubd84\ub9ac<\/h3>\n<p>\uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 NEC Article 504\uc758 \ubc30\uc120 \uc694\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804(Field Side)\uacfc \ube44\ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804(Supply Side) \ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 <strong>\ucd5c\uc18c 50 mm \ubd84\ub9ac<\/strong>, \ub2e8\uc790 \uc774\ud0c8 \uc2dc \uc811\ucd09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uace0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95, \uc5f0\ud55c \ud30c\ub780\uc0c9\uc744 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \ubc30\uc120 \uc2dd\ubcc4\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"callout warn\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\uc548\uc804\uaddc\uaca9 \uad00\ub828 \uc8fc\uc758<\/div>\n<p>\uc704 \uc218\uce58\u00b7\ubc30\uc120\ubd84\ub9ac\u00b7\uc778\uc99d \ub17c\uc758\ub294 2019\ub144 \ubc1c\ud589 \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 NEC \uc124\uba85\uc774\ub2e4. 1.5 V\/100 mA\/25 mW\ub098 1.3 W\uc758 \uae30\uc900\ub9cc\uc744 \ub9cc\uc871\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud604\uc7a5 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \uc778\uc99d\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c \uc801\uc6a9\uc5d0\ub294 \ud604\ud589 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc95\uaddc, \uc778\uc99d\uae30\uae30 \uc870\ud569, \ucf00\uc774\ube14 \ud2b9\uc131 \ubc0f \uc124\uce58\uc870\uac74\uc758 \uac80\uc99d\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"dialog\">\n<h2>5. \uc624\ub298 \ubb38\ub2f5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc815\ud55c \uc774\ud574\uc640 \uc218\uc815 \uc0ac\ud56d<\/h2>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q1. Dangerous \uc601\uc5ed\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 MIE\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc704\uc778\ub370, MIE\ub97c \uc65c \ub530\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>MIE\ub294 \ub18d\ub3c4\ubcc4 \uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120\uc758 \uc804\uc5ed \ucd5c\uc19f\uac12\uc774\ub2e4. <strong>E<sub>source<\/sub> &lt; MIE<\/strong>\ub77c\uba74 \ub18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ubab0\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc870\uac74\uc758 \uc804\uae30 \uc2a4\ud30c\ud06c \uc810\ud654 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uadf8 \uc5ed\uc740 \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q2. \uac00\uc2a4 \uc885\ub958\ubcc4 \ud45c\uc900 MIE\ub9cc \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uba74 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uc77c\ubc18 \ub204\ucd9c\uac00\uc2a4\/\uacf5\uae30 \ud63c\ud569\ubb3c\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c \uc790\ub8cc\ub85c\ub294 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \uc628\ub3c4\u00b7\uc555\ub825\u00b7\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\u00b7\ucd09\ub9e4 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud45c\uc900\uac12\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc131\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. <strong>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc628\ub3c4\u00b7\uc555\ub825\uc744 \ubcc4\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc5b4\ubcc0\uc218\ub85c \ub450\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q3. MIE \u2192 \uac00\uc2a4 \uc885\ub958 \u2192 \uc704\ud5d8 \uce74\ud14c\uace0\ub9ac \u2192 \uacc4\uce21\uae30 \uc81c\ud488 \ud45c\uc900\ud654\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ud574\ub294 \ub9de\ub294\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uc704\ud5d8\ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc2dc\ud5d8\u00b7\ubd84\ub958\ud558\uc5ec \uaddc\uaca9\uacfc \uc81c\ud488 \uc120\uc815\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\ub294 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc <strong>Group\uc740 MIE \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70<\/strong> \uc6d0\uc11c\ub294 MESG\uc640 MICR\uc744 \uc18c\uac1c\ud55c\ub2e4. Zone\u00b7Division\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ud2b9\uc131\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q4. \uc65c \uc5f0\ub8cc\ub9c8\ub2e4 MESG\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uac00\uc2a4\uc758 \ubd84\uc790 \ud06c\uae30\ub098 \uae30\uacc4\uc801\uc778 \uce68\ud22c\uac70\ub9ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c <strong>\uc881\uc740 \ud2c8\uc5d0\uc11c \ud654\uc5fc\uc774 \uc18c\uba78\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4<\/strong>\uac00 \ub2e4\ub974\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc18\uc751\uc18d\ub3c4\u00b7\uc5f4\uc190\uc2e4\u00b7\ud654\uc5fc\uad6c\uc870 \ub4f1\uc774 \ub2e4\ub974\ubbc0\ub85c \ud654\uc5fc\uc804\ud30c\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \ucd5c\ub300 \ud2c8\uc0c8\ud3ed\ub3c4 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q5. UEL 100%\uc774\uba74 \uc5f0\uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uc5b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc678\ubd80 \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4\ub3c4 \ubc1c\uc5f4 \ubd84\ud574 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\uc9c0 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ud3ed\ubc1c\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc810\ud654\u00b7\ubc18\uc751 \uac1c\uc2dc\uc870\uac74, \ubb3c\uc9c8\uacf5\uae09, \ubc18\uc751\uae30\u00b7\ubcf4\ud638\uad6c\uc870 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc0b0\ud654\uc81c \ucc28\ub2e8\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"qa\">\n<div class=\"q\">Q6. 1.5 V \u00d7 100 mA\ub294 25 mW\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc\ub370 \ubaa8\uc21c \uc544\ub2cc\uac00?<\/div>\n<p>\uacf1\uc740 <strong>150 mW<\/strong>\ub2e4. 1.5 V, 100 mA, 25 mW\ub294 \uac01\uac01 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc778 <strong>\ucd5c\ub300 \ud5c8\uc6a9\uce58<\/strong>\uc774\uba70 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub9cc\uc871\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \u201825 mW \uace0\uc815\u2019\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \u201825 mW \uc774\ud558\u2019\uac00 \uc815\ud655\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"formulas\">\n<h2>6. \uae30\uc220\uc0ac \ub2f5\uc548\uc6a9 \ud575\uc2ec \uc218\uc2dd\uacfc \ub17c\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<div class=\"table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\ub0b4\uc6a9<\/th>\n<th>\uc218\uc2dd \ub610\ub294 \uad00\uacc4<\/th>\n<th>\uac00\uc815\/\ub2e8\uc704<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>MESG<\/td>\n<td>d<sub>max,safe<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>mm; \ud45c\uc900 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc758 \ucd5c\ub300 \uc548\uc804 \ud2c8\uc0c8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MICR<\/td>\n<td>I<sub>ign,gas<\/sub> \/ I<sub>ign,methane<\/sub><\/td>\n<td>\ubb34\ucc28\uc6d0; \ucd5c\uc18c\uc810\ud654\uc804\ub958\ube44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud3ed\ubc1c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ub18d\ub3c4<\/td>\n<td>LEL &lt; C &lt; UEL<\/td>\n<td>\uccb4\uc801\ub18d\ub3c4 vol%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120<\/td>\n<td>E<sub>source<\/sub> \u2265 E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C)<\/td>\n<td>mJ; \uac00\uc2a4\/\uc0b0\ud654\uc81c\u00b7\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc870\uac74 \uace0\uc815<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ucd5c\uc18c\uc810\ud654\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0<\/td>\n<td>MIE = min<sub>C<\/sub> E<sub>crit<\/sub>(C)<\/td>\n<td>mJ; \ubcf4\ucda9 \uc218\ud559\ud654<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ubcf4\uc218\uc801 \uc810\ud654\ubc29\uc9c0 \ud310\ub2e8<\/td>\n<td>E<sub>source<\/sub> &lt; MIE<\/td>\n<td>\ud574\ub2f9 \uc810\ud654\uc6d0\/\uc2dc\ud5d8\uc870\uac74 \ub0b4 \ud55c\uc815<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\ud3ed\ubc1c\ubc94\uc704 \ud3ed<\/td>\n<td>\u0394C = UEL \u2212 LEL<\/td>\n<td>vol%-point; \ud3ed\ubc1c\uac15\ub3c4\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc555\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud798<\/td>\n<td>F = \u0394P\u00b7A<\/td>\n<td>N; \ub0b4\uc555\uc678\ud568 \uc774\ud574\uc6a9 \ubcf4\ucda9\uc2dd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc804\ub825<\/td>\n<td>P = VI<\/td>\n<td>W; \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub2e8\uc790 V\u00b7I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uc800\uc7a5 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0<\/td>\n<td>E<sub>C<\/sub>=\u00bdCV\u00b2, E<sub>L<\/sub>=\u00bdLI\u00b2<\/td>\n<td>J; C [F], L [H]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"summary\"><strong>\ub2f5\uc548 \ub17c\ub9ac:<\/strong> \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \ud3ed\ubc1c \ud2b9\uc131(MIE\u00b7MESG\u00b7MICR, LEL\u00b7UEL) \u2192 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uac00\ub2a5\uc131(Class\/Division\/Zone) \u2192 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ubcf4\ud638\ubc29\uc2dd \uc120\ud0dd(\uaca9\ub9ac\u00b7\ud37c\uc9c0\u00b7\ubc00\ubd09\u00b7\ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804) \u2192 \uace0\uc7a5\uc870\uac74\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc801\ud569\uc131 \uac80\uc99d.<\/div>\n<div class=\"callout note\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">\uc624\ub298\uc758 \ubc94\uc704<\/div>\n<p><strong>32.1.1~32.1.3\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc815\ub9ac.<\/strong> Chapter 32.2(\ud655\ub960\uc758 \uac1c\ub150), 32.3(\uc2e0\ub8b0\ub3c4), PFD\/SIL \ub4f1\uc740 \uc544\uc9c1 \ubcf8 \ud559\uc2b5\uc77c\uc758 \ubc88\uc5ed \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c \uc774\ubc88 \ubb38\uc11c\uc758 \ubcf8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"scan\">\n<h2>7. \uc2a4\uce94 \ud544\uae30 \ud655\uc778 \u00b7 \uc6d0\ubcf8 \ubcf4\uc874<\/h2>\n<p>\uc190\uae00\uc528 \uc2a4\uce94 3\ucabd\uc744 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \ud568\uaed8 \ubcf4\uc874\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc808\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\uace0, \uccab \ucabd \uc0c1\ub2e8\uc758 \uc804 \uc7a5(Chapter 31) \uad00\ub828 \uba54\ubaa8\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4 \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec Chapter 32\uc640 \ud63c\ub3d9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<details>\n<summary>\uc2a4\uce94 1\ucabd \uc0c1\ub2e8 \u2014 Chapter 31.7 \ubcf5\uc2b5 \uba54\ubaa8(\uc774\ubc88 \uc7a5\uc758 \ubcf8\ubb38 \uc544\ub2d8)<\/summary>\n<p>\u300cCO<sub>FF<\/sub> = f(PV)\u300d, \u300cCO = CO<sub>FF<\/sub> + CO<sub>FB<\/sub>\u300d, Limit Control, Selector, Override \ub4f1\uc758 \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\uac00 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 Chapter 31\uc758 \uc81c\uc5b4\uc804\ub7b5 \uba54\ubaa8\ub85c \ubcf4\uace0 Chapter 32.1 \ubcf8\ubb38 \uc124\uba85\uc5d0 \ud63c\ud569\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<div class=\"scan-grid\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-59731edda6f3a208.jpg\" alt=\"2026-10-31 \ud544\uae30 \uc2a4\uce94 1\ucabd: Chapter31 \ubcf5\uc2b5 \uba54\ubaa8\uc640 Chapter32 \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c \ubd84\ub958\"\/><figcaption>\ud544\uae30 1\ucabd \u00b7 \uc774\uc804 \uc7a5 \ubcf5\uc2b5 + Chapter 32 \ub3c4\uc785\/\ubd84\ub958<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-6876bceaca3eba58.jpg\" alt=\"2026-10-31 \ud544\uae30 \uc2a4\uce94 2\ucabd: MIE \uc218\ud559\uc2dd\uacfc \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804 \uae30\uc900, MESG MICR\"\/><figcaption>\ud544\uae30 2\ucabd \u00b7 MIE\/\uc810\ud654\uace1\uc120\/\ubc29\ud3ed\uae30\uc900<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/chapter32-1-process-safety-20261031-5cb170984940d01c.jpg\" alt=\"2026-10-31 \ud544\uae30 \uc2a4\uce94 3\ucabd: Rich Mixture, UEL100%, 4\uac00\uc9c0 \ubc29\ud3ed\ubc29\uc2dd\"\/><figcaption>\ud544\uae30 3\ucabd \u00b7 Rich Mixture\/UEL\/\ubc29\ud3ed\ubc29\uc2dd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<footer class=\"bibliog\"><strong>\ucd9c\ucc98 \ubc0f \uad6c\ubd84<\/strong><br \/>[\uc6d0\uc11c] Tony R. Kuphaldt, <em>Lessons in Industrial Instrumentation<\/em>, Version 2.32 (2019), Chapter 32, pp. 2602\u20132614. \uc6d0\uc11c\uc758 \uadf8\ub9bc\u00b7\uc0ac\uc9c4\uc740 CC BY 4.0(\uc800\uc791\uc790 \ud45c\uc2dc) \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<br \/>[\ud559\uc2b5\uc790 \uc790\ub8cc] Scan_20261031_213431.pdf, \ucd1d 3\ucabd(2026-10-31), \uc774 \ub300\ud654\uc758 \ubc88\uc5ed\u00b7\uc9c8\uc758\uc751\ub2f5.<br \/>[\ucd94\uac00 \ud574\uc124] Q\u0307, F=\u0394P\u00b7A, MIE \ucd5c\uc19f\uac12 \ubc0f \uc218\ud559\uc801 \uc810\ud654\uc870\uac74, P=VI \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \ub85c\ucf13\u00b7\ubd84\ud574\ubc18\uc751 \ube44\uad50 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc6d0\uc11c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc218\uc2dd\ud654\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubb38\ub2f5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc7a5\ud55c \uc124\uba85\uc774\ub2e4.<br \/><strong>\uae30\ubcf8 \ubc88\uc5ed \uc9c0\uce68:<\/strong> \uc9e7\uc740 \uc138\ubd80\uc808 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uc77d\uae30, \ud575\uc2ec\uc740 \uc9c1\uc5ed, \uadf8\ub9bc\uacfc \ubcf8\ubb38 \uc124\uba85 \ud568\uaed8 \ubc88\uc5ed, \uc218\uc2dd\u00b7\ub2e8\uc704\u00b7\uac00\uc815\u00b7\ub17c\ub9ac \uc804\uac1c \uc0dd\ub7b5 \uae08\uc9c0, \uc6d0\uc11c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \ubcf4\ucda9 \uad6c\ubd84.<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chapter 32.1\uc740 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc131 \uac00\uc2a4\uc758 \uc810\ud654 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \uc704\ud5d8\uc7a5\uc18c \ubd84\ub958 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. LEL\u00b7UEL\u00b7MIE\u00b7MESG\u00b7MICR\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ub0b4\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed, \ud37c\uc9c0\u00b7\uac00\uc555\ubc29\ud3ed, \ubc00\ubd09\ubc29\ud3ed \ubc0f \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc548\uc804\ubc29\ud3ed\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \uc548\uc804\uc124\uacc4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1185],"tags":[2265,2267,2268,2264,2266],"wpgpxmaps_activity":[],"class_list":["post-9814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1185","tag-mesgmicr","tag-2267","tag-2268","tag-mie","tag-leluel"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9814"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9819,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9814\/revisions\/9819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9814"},{"taxonomy":"wpgpxmaps_activity","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/now0930.pe.kr\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wpgpxmaps_activity?post=9814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}